Overview of Tachyarrhythmias and Bradyarrhythmias

This abstract emphasizes the clinical significance of Arrhythmias, their diagnostic challenges, and the need for tailored therapeutic approaches to improve the quality of life and prognosis in affected patients. Tachyarrhythmias, a class of cardiac arrhythmias characterized by abnormally rapid heart rates, represent a significant subset of cardiovascular disorders. They are broadly categorized into supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, originating above the ventricles, and ventricular tachyarrhythmias, arising from the ventricular myocardium. Common supraventricular types include atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, while ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation dominate the ventricular group. Bradyarrhythmias, defined as abnormally slow heart rhythms with a heart rate below 60 beats per minute, represent a critical subset of arrhythmias with the potential to significantly impair cardiac output and systemic perfusion. These disorders arise from dysfunctions in the sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, or conduction pathways and can be classified into sinus node dysfunction, AV block, and atrioventricular dissociation.